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CAS号 [82-86-0] 生产工艺。 二氢苊醌 |
CAS号 [82-86-0] 生产工艺。 二氢苊醌
CAS名:Acenaphthenequinone 历史参考文献:Beil. 7, 744; E1, 389; E2, 670; E3, 3796.
用途:还原红45。 农药中间体等。LookChem网登录生产与经营单位66家。
BIOS 986, 10-11.(=胶卷PB 77764)。 Acenaphthenequinone (I.G. Hoechst). 英国人译自德文(无资料来源)
反应式:本人有加注,暂未找到德文原件。(单肟是俄文方法,俄文不再抄录!)。
The method is to form the dioxime by means of
ethyl nitrite and decompose this with formaldehyde. The route follows the general principles laid
down in Houbonweyl 1922 Edition p. 36 et seq.
Process Description: 120 l. alcohol (normal denaturant, viz,
benzene or toluene), 450 l water and 170 kg. sodium nitrite are charged to a
tiled iron pan, the temperature adjusted to 30℃., and 280 l. of 47% sulphuric acid run in
during 4 hr. keeping the temperature at 30℃. The
evaluated ethyl nitrite is lead off into a homogeneously lead-lined pan containing
120 kg. acenaphthene, 57 kg. ethyl alcohol saturated with hydrochloric acid gas
(35%) and 370 kg. ethyl alcohol at 70-80℃. The
acenaphthene was supplied by Rutger Werke, Berin, or by a Coal Tar Distillation
Co. at Duisberg-Meiderich and was pure white.
The price of the acenaphthene fluctuated, but pre-war it was about 55
RM/100 kg. No quality tests seem to have been carried out upon acenaphthene deliveries
– several analytical notes were seen.
The addition of the ethyl nitrite was carried out under total reflux,
and at the same time air was blown through the batch to oxidize nitric oxide to
peroxide and thence to form ethyl nitrite with the excess alcohol.
Discharge by bottom run-off to 1,500 l. water
and add 60 kg. caustic soda (33%) until weakly acid to Congo Red. Filter on a wooden press. The filtration is slow and takes about 8 hrs,
was with water. The first washings go to
the alcohol recovery plant, and the later ones to the drain.
The press cake is charged to the solution
vessel (4.5 cu.m. iron) and stirred for 2 hrs. with 190 kg. caustic soda
(33%). Screen into a second 4.5 cu.m.
iron vessel and precipitate with 100 kg. sulphuric acid 95%. Test for completion of precipitation by
filtering a sample and adding additional sulphuric acid. This is the pure dioxime. Filter on a wooden press during 8 hr. No yield estimation is made at this stage.
1,500 l. water, 250 kg. sulphuric acid (95%)
and 250 kg. formaldehyde (40%) are charged to a 6 cu.m. tiled-lined vessel and
heated to 98℃. This oxime paste slurried with a little water
is blown in all at once, and the whole stirred at 98℃. for 6-7 hr.
The batch is now tested by filtering a sample, washing the residue and
heating with soda ash. Then filter again
and acidity. There must be not more than
a faint turbidity. When the test is
satisfactory cool to 40℃. blow to a nutsche and suck dry (6 hr.). Wash with water for 4 hr. until neutral.
Charge 1,500 l. water and 405 kg. sodium
bisulphite solution (40%) to a 4.5 cu.m. lead-lined vessel, and add the crude quinine. Boil for 1 hr. and add 5 kg. naphthalene
(better than carbon for absorption of impurities in this case). Add water to 4 cu.m. and cool to 40℃.
Screen and precipitate with 200 kg. soda ash (solid). Boil 1/2 hr. and filter boiling – 4 hr. Wash with cold water. The paste has a strength of approximately
70-75% (organic solids, i.e. total solids less ash). Yield = 85 kg. 100% = 62% theory. The product contains 3-4% of material
insoluble in potash. The melding point
of the dry product is 256℃. It is used as moist press
cake.
Remarks: Both the sodium bichromate / acetic
acid and nitrosyl chloride oxidation routes were known to the I.G. but under
German conditions at any rate the ethyl nitrite route was much cheaper.
张澍声 《精细化工中间体工业生产技术》 1996年。 P. 268. 二氢苊醌。 译自BIOS 986, 10-11.
先用亚硝酸乙酯将二氢苊形成二肟(抄注:俄文是单肟),再用甲醛分解,将120 L乙醇,450 L水和170 kg亚硝酸钠加到衬瓦铁锅中,温度调节到30℃,于4小时内流入280 L 47% 硫酸,同时保持在30℃。导出发生的亚硝酸乙酯进入一均匀衬铅的锅中,锅内装有120 kg二氢苊,57 kg 用氯化氢饱和的乙醇(35%)和370 kg乙醇,温度70-80℃。二氢苊是纯白色,由煤焦油蒸馏公司提供。亚硝酸乙酯的加入是在完全回流状态,同时向反应物中鼓入空气以氧化NO (nitric oxide) 为过氧化物,然后与过量乙醇形成亚硝酸乙酯。
从底部放料到1500 L水中,加入60 kg 33% 氢氧化钠溶液,直至对刚果红为弱酸性。在木制压滤机上过滤,过滤很慢,约需8小时。水洗,第一次洗水送往回收车间,第二次弃去。滤饼加到4500 L铁溶解槽中,与190 kg 33% 氢氧化钠溶液搅拌2小时,滤清过滤到第二个4500 L铁槽中,用100 kg 95% 硫酸沉淀,沉淀完全的检验是将滤液样品另加硫酸看其有无沉淀。这是纯的二肟。在木制压滤机上过滤约需8小时,对此工序的收率没有估测。1500 L水,250 kg 95% 硫酸和250 kg甲醛加到6000 L衬瓦槽中,加热到98℃,肟的滤饼用少量水打浆,全部立即加到衬槽中,整体在98℃搅拌6-7小时。
检验:将反应液取样过滤,洗涤,将滤饼与碳酸钠加热,再次过滤并酸化,必须不超过微弱浑浊。如果检验满意,冷却到40℃,抽滤至干(6小时),水洗4小时至中性。
将1500 L水和405 kg 40% 碳酸氢钠溶液加到4500 L衬铅槽中,并加入纯品醌。煮沸1小时,加入5 kg 萘(在这种情况下吸收杂质好于活性炭)。加水至4000 L,冷却到40℃,滤清后用200 kg固体碳酸钠沉淀,煮沸0.5小时。再煮沸4小时,用冷水洗涤。滤饼含量70-75% (即总有机固体含量)。 产品85 kg (100%), 收率62%。产品中含3-4% 不溶于氢氧化钾溶液的物质。干品熔点256℃,通常以湿滤饼应用。
A.B. Eльцова.
Лабораторный практикум по синтезу промежуточных
продуктов и красителей. 1985. 俄文原文,不再抄录。
俄。 A.B. Eльцова 《染料及中间体实验室合成方法》。1985年。 §8.5 硫靛大红(C.I.还原红45). 苊醌。本人翻译。
苊醌单肟(C12H7NO2): (本资料用亚硝酸丁酯肟化)。
将装有搅拌,温度计,滴液漏斗和回流冷凝器的500毫升四口烧瓶,置于电加热水浴中,加入55毫升丁醇和15.5克苊,搅拌下用水浴加热至沸,迅速加入25毫升22% 盐酸丁醇液,用冰浴换下热水浴,降温到10℃以下,滴加44克亚硝酸丁酯,搅拌反应1小时,加115毫升水稀释,加热到70℃,用直管冷凝器换下回流冷凝器,油浴替换水浴,加热蒸出丁醇和水,蒸到馏出液加少量氯化钠不再有丁醇为止(馏出液约70毫升),蒸出丁醇加入115毫升冷水,用25% 氢氧化钠液(8-10毫升)中和到刚果红试纸呈弱酸性,单肟用布氏漏斗过滤,滤饼水洗(每次15毫升,总量约60毫升)到滤液无色为止。 得量:10克。
苊醌:预先准备300毫升20% 碳酸钠溶液。
将装有搅拌和回流冷凝器的500毫升三口烧瓶,置于电加热水浴中,加入200毫升17.5% 硫酸,40毫升35% 工业甲醛溶液和10克苊醌单肟,于沸水浴中加热,搅拌反应4小时,冷却,过滤出物料,滤饼用水洗涤5次,每次10毫升,洗到刚果红试纸无酸性。将装有搅拌的250毫升烧杯,置于电炉上,加入粗制苊醌和60毫升15% 碳酸氢钠溶液,煮沸搅拌1小时,加入50毫升冷水,用布氏漏斗过滤出沉淀物,滤渣水洗(洗2次,每次10毫升)。
将装有搅拌的400毫升烧杯,置于电加热水浴中,加入上述反应得到的滤液和洗水,加入180毫升20% 碳酸钠溶液,搅拌加热至90℃,保温30分钟,趁热用布氏漏斗过滤,滤饼用热水洗涤(洗4次,每次10毫升)到不再有硫酸根离子(取样用氯化钡测),得黄色滤饼。
得量:12克。滤饼于80℃干燥,得量:9克(65%);熔点 256-258℃;薄层展开(苯),R f 0.74.
徐克勋 主编 《有机化工原料及中间体便览》 1988年。 P.
447. 二氧化苊(苊醌)。无资料来源。
先将苊溶于40℃的乙酸中,再与硝酸铈的乙酸混合,于搅拌下,40℃慢慢加入重铬酸钠,加料完毕,倒入冷水中,随倒随搅拌,即有黄色结晶析出,过滤,水洗而得粗品,再经精制而得成品。
侯乐山 主编 《中国精细化工产品集 – 原料及中间体10396种》2006年。 P. 1285.
中国化工信息中心 全国精细化工原料及中间体行业协作组 出版 《版权所有 未经允许 不得翻印》。
亚二氢苊二醌; 萘并乙二酮;萘嵌戊二酮;二氧化苊。
英文名:Acenaphthenequinone; Acenaphthaquinone;
1,2-Acenaphthenedione. 结构式:略。
分子式:C12H6O2
分子量:182.18 CAS:82-86-0
物质登记状态:以登记
产品性状:黄色针状结晶。熔点261℃(升华)。溶于醇,热苯,热甲苯,不溶于水。 技术指标:含量,% 97(液谱分析)。 外观 黄色结晶。
生产方法:由苊用重铬酸钠氧化而得; (抄注:无资料来源!)
在带冷却夹套的不锈钢反应器内,投入苊,冰醋酸和乙酸高铈,搅拌,在2h内加入计量的重铬酸钠,温度保持在40℃。然后在室温继续搅拌8 h。加冷水稀释,过滤,用水洗涤至无酸性。将固体与10% 碳酸钠溶液在蒸汽浴上煮30 min,过滤,洗涤。再将固体用亚硫酸氢钠(4% 溶液)在80℃提取30 min,然后加入助滤硅藻土基活性炭,再过滤。重复提取一次,将滤液合并后在80℃和不断搅拌下用浓盐酸酸化至刚果红试纸变蓝色,继续在80℃保温搅拌1 h。苊醌呈鲜黄色结晶析出,过滤,用水洗涤除酸性,得苊醌,产率38%-60%。熔点256-260℃。
用邻二氯苯重结晶,结晶用甲醇冲洗后,熔点可达256-260℃.
配料实例:苊100 g,冰醋酸800 ml,乙酸高铈 5 g,二合重铬酸钠325 g,得产品45.70 g。
用途:苊醌是染料和杀虫剂的中间体。 生产厂:鞍山市兴懋化工有限责任公司。
抄注:为什么需要提供资料来源,本人理解,万一译文有错,读者可以改正,上面抄录的英文就可以提供读者参考!
陈忠源 2018年11月7日星期三(自得其乐!乐在其中! 再次谢谢读者的点读!)。
文章作者:陈忠源 |