CAS号 [4515-26-8] 生产工艺。 2,4-二硝基氯苯-6-磺酸
CAS名:Benzenesulfonic acid, 2-chloro-3,5-dinitro- 历史参考文献:Beil. 11, 79; E2, 36。
用途:酸性橙74等染料中间体。LookChem网登录生产与经营单位14家。 反应类别:硝化。
BIOS 986, 86.(=胶卷PB 77764)1-Chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene-6-sulphonic acid. (I.G. Griesheim). 英国人译自德文(无资料来源)。
反应式:本人有加注,CAS号 [96-73-1] 已上网。这里抄录的是两家不同工厂的生产工艺。
Raw materials: p-Chloronitrobenzene。 Oleum 24% 。 Nitric acid 98% 。 Sulphate ground。 Salt in solution。
2695 kg. 24% oleum are run into a cast iron sulphonator with heating and cooling jacket and 920 kg. p-chloronitrobenzene added. Heat to 125℃. and keep at this temperature for 8 hr. The sulphonation mass is then blown into a nitrator and 617 kg. nitric acid 98% run in at 65-70℃. with cooling. Keep for 12 hr. at 70℃. and then warm to 100℃. and keep for 4 hr. Cool, then to 75℃. and run in a solution of 900 kg. sulphate ground, 5.5 cu. m. water. After cooling to 25℃. it is filtered. The mother liquor is run to waste, the filter cake washed acid-free and the wash liquor used as water for working up the next nitration.
Yield: per batch 1330 kg. 1-chloro-2,4-dinnitrobenzene-6-sulphonic acid = 80% theory.
BIOS 1153, 226-8.(=胶卷PB 85687)。1-Chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene-6-sulphonic acid. (Ludwigshafen). 英国人译自德文(无资料来源)。
Plant: 设备:抄录不再分项。
1 Sulphonation vessel, cast iron, contained in a batch. Plate type agitator, 25 r.p.m., bottom run-off. Moter 3.8 Kw. Capacity of unit 3.4 m3. Vessel No. 201。 1 Nitration vessel, wrought iron with bath. Plate stirrer, 75 r.p.m. Bottom run-off. Motor 3.8 Kw. Capacity 3.4 m3. Vessel No. 13。
1 Aluminium run-off tank for nitric acid 98%. Capacity 0.8 m3。 1 Stirring vessel for the precipitation of the chloronitrobenzene sulphonic acid “Kerasolithiert”. Plate stirrer, 30 r.p.m. Cooling coil. Motor 3.7 Kw. Capacity 14.9 m3. Vessel 207。 2 Wrought iron nutsches, “Kerasolthiert” 8 m2 in size. No. 204 and 208。 1 Pressure egg. Cast iron, tile-lined, with blow-out, 10 m3. Vessel No. 203。 1 Pressure egg, lead-lined, cast iron, blow-out. 4 m3. Vessel No. 206。
Materials:
p-Chloronitrobenzene. Oleum 24%. Nitric acid 98% . Glauber salt (oridinary). Rock salt (as brine).
Process:
The sulphonation vessel is charged with 2,965 kg. of 24% oleum (= 9 cm.), and 920 kg. of molten p-chloronitrobenzene allowed to run in slowly from drum. The temperature rises to about 60-65℃. During 6 hours it is slowly heated up to 125℃. At about 100℃. the sulphonation reaction commences and steam is shut off until this subsides before further heating. The temperature is maintained at 125℃. for 8 hours.
The sulphonated material is now cooled, after testing, to 70℃. and transferred to the nitration vessel. There 617 kg. of nitric acid 98% are introduced at 65-70℃. during 5 hours with partial cooling. The temperature is maintained a further 12 hours at 70℃. and then heated further during 4 hours to 100℃. and later in 4hours to 100-105℃. (Test ). After this. It is cooled to 75℃. and run into vessel No. 207. This vessel has been previously charged with mother liquor from a previous batch, 525-615 m3 (=110-130 cm.) Sp.Gr. 1.091 (120Be’), together with 900 kg. of sulphate. The temperature in Vessel No. 207 is then reduced to 40℃. and the batch tested. Cool further to 25℃. and then filter off on nutsches 204 and 208. The mother liquor must be at least 330Be’ (Sp. Gr. 1.297). It is sucked from the nutsche and goes into the drain.
The cake is now washed with about 4000 l. of water to wash out acid. Towards the end the Be’ is 30 and the Sp.Gr. 1.022. This wash liquor is returned for the next batch.
A further wash is now carried out with 5,500 l. of water and 1,100 kg. of sulphate, and finally with 3,000 l. of salt solution from 775 kg. common salt and 2,800 l. water.
Yield:
The yield is best determined through hydrolysis of the Cl. The obtained is 46-47% strength (M.W. 282) and is equivalent to 1330 kg. at 100% M.W. 282.
Theoretical Yield: 179% from p-chloronitrobenzene. Actual Yield: 144% = 80% of theory.
张澍声 《精细化工中间体及产品生产工艺》2006年。 P. 296. 2,4-二硝基氯苯-6-磺酸。译自BIOS 986,86; 1153, 227.
在铸铁磺化釜中加入2965 kg 24% 发烟硫酸,然后加入920 kg 对氯硝基苯,于6小时内缓缓加热到125℃。在100℃反应开始进行,外部加热要预先撤去。在125℃保持8小时。磺化完成后冷却到70℃,磺化物压入硝化锅中,在冷却下于65-70℃流入617 kg 98% 硝酸,在70℃保持12 hr。然后于4小时内加热到100℃,并在100℃保持4 hr。冷却到75℃,加到900 kg 硫酸钠和5500 L水的溶液中。冷却到25℃,过滤,母液以废酸处理。滤饼洗至不含酸,洗水用于处理下一批的硝化物。得到1330 kg 2,4-二硝基氯苯-6-磺酸,收率80%。
PB 25623, 238-241. “Dinitrochlorsäure”=1-Chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene-6-sulfonic acid. 德文生产工艺原件。未抄录。
PB 70058. Chemical Reports. f. 8681-9211. 1934-1946年德文化工产品生产工艺。 上海染料研究所有复印本。
PB 70058, 8765-9774. Dinitrochlorobenzene sulfonic acid. By Heinze. 1945年9月德文生产工艺。 本人未抄录。
国内研究动态:
宋东明 曹传贞 杨志清(大连理工大学)。 2-氨基-4-硝基苯酚-6-磺酸的合成。 [J] 染料工业, 1998, 4, 17-19.
一。 实验方法。 4-硝基氯苯-2-磺酸的硝化。
在三口瓶中加入28.4 g 20% 发烟硫酸,搅拌下于50-60℃加入29.7 g (0.1摩尔) 4-硝基氯苯-2-磺酸,溶解后,于60℃滴加8.5 g 96% (1.13摩尔) 硝酸,升温至95℃保温10小时。反应液倒入40 g 冰水中稀释,析出白色沉淀,抽滤,盐水洗滤饼,干燥,得折100% 产品27.1 g,收率95.9%。
参考文献:12篇。抄注:无上述抄录的文献,但收率明显比抄录文高。
国内出版物:
本人手头资料有限,未见有报导。
温故而知新:
抄录历史资料,仅供参考!
陈忠源 2018年12月19日星期三。