CAS号 [88-53-9] 生产工艺 2-氨基-5-氯-4-甲基苯磺酸(CLT酸)
CAS名: Benzenesulfonic acid, 2-amino-5-chloro-4-methyl-, 参考文献: Beil. 14, 730; E1, 729; E2, 451; E3, 2223; E4, 2779.
用途: 颜料红52, 52:1, 52:2。颜料红53, 53:1, 53:2, 53:3。
生产工艺文献: 为CAS号[104-15-4], [98-34-0]和 [6973-13-3]的继续。
BIOS 986, 130-134. No. 76.
6-Chloro-m-toluidine-4-sulphonic acid (CLT-saeure). I. G. Hoechst. 英国人译自德文。抄录如下。
反应式: 本人有加注,译者未说明译自哪个德文。
续[6973-13-3]。 One half of the nitroacid filter cake is then
dissolved in 2 cu. m. water by means of live steam, and the volume in a wooden
vessel is adjusted to 6 l. After the addition of a few kg. acetic acid the
batch is run during 3 hr. to a reducer containing 450 kg. iron borings
previously etched with acetic acid and 2 cu. m. water. The reduction takes 3
hr. and is carried out at the boil. Test for completion of reduction with Mohr’s Salt (ammonium ferrous
sulphate), make alkaline to Brilliant Yellow with 20-25 kg. soda solution, and
filter from iron oxide at the boil, the filtrate running into 200 kg.
hydrochloric acid 200Be’. The iron sludge in the press is washed
with boiling water as long as it cont ins amino acid. The filtrate is made
definitely acid by the addition of a further 175 kg. hydrochloric acid 200Be’.
The product crystallizes out and is filter at 600C. on a vacuum
filter where is washed with 2 cu. m, at 600C. The product is in the
form of a 65% bright crystalline filter cake. One sulphonation is equal to two
reduction.
The tests which are carried out during the process are:
- (a) Total sulphonation mass. (b) Completion of reduction – Mohr’s salt.
(c) Moisture
content of final cake with N/1 sodium salt.
Note:
1. The nitro acid must be adjusted to a strength
of 74%. 2. The iron borings must be
sieved as far as possible from extraneous matter. 3. Use only big grained salt for the salt
solution. 4. The bye-products are not
recovered. 5. The toluene specification
was B.P. 110-1110C. and s. g. 0.87/150.
Yield: For reduction = 870 – 880 kg. 100% = 49.1 – 49.7%
theory.
For sales purposes the paste is dried giving a powder
of 99% strength.
General Notes upon the CLT – Acid Plant: 以下是关于生产设备的内容,应该是调査团的说明,抄录一点,仅供参考!
The plant is housed in a general intermediates shed
which was built about 1912. It is obviously not up to modern I.G. standards,
but the arrangement is good. The condition of the plant is fair.
The sulphonation, chlorination and nitration is carried
out in four pans (one being surplus) in series, these being partitioned off
from the rest of the shed in case of fire and explosion. Transfer from one pan to another is by compressed air.
The sulphonator is fed from storage vessels situated on
the top floor but outside the main shed through measure vessels and sight
glasses. The condenser on the sulphonator is a simple lead coil reflux set in a
water cooling tank. The agitator is of the usual screw type with oppositely
inclined blades. The toluene as received is water-free and there is no drying
equipment. The one sulphonator of 4 cu. m. is adequate for a production of 20
tones per month. The sulphonators are jacketed for steam and water. 以下,略!
日文译文。细田豊《理论制造染料化学》1957年。P. 517. 译自PB 77764. 抄录如下。
续[5973-13-3],
ニトロケ-クの半分を湯2 m3に溶し6 m3にし酢酸数kgを加え,これを还原机の铁粉450 kg + 水2 m3 + 酢酸に加えて还原し,Na2CO3 20-25 kgて”アルカリ性とし热滤過して滤液を盐酸200 kgに落し,さらに盐酸175 kgを加えて沉淀を600て”滤過,600の湯2 m3て”洗う。收率49%。
中文译文。张澍声《精细化工中间体工业生产技术》1996年。P.139-140. 译自PB 77764. 抄录如下。
续[5973-13-3], 将上述6-氯-3-硝基甲苯-4-磺酸滤饼的一半用直接蒸汽溶解在2000 L水中,并将体积调整为6000 L,并加入数公斤醋酸。于3小时内流入还原器中,还原器中预先加有450 kg铁粉和2000 L水,并预先用醋酸浸蚀,还原在沸腾下进行3小时,用莫尔盐(硫酸亚铁铵)检验还原的完成。用20-25 kg碳酸钠溶液使亮黄试纸呈碱性,在沸腾下过滤去除氧化铁泥。滤液流入200 kg 32% 盐酸中,压滤机中的铁渣用沸水洗涤,直至其含有氨基磺酸,再加入175 kg 32%盐酸使滤液变为酸性。产品结晶出来,在600C用2000 L水洗涤,产品为65%滤饼。一次磺化物分为两次还原。每批还原物为870 – 880 kg 100%产品,为理论量的49.1-49.7%。
PB 25623, 511-512. C L T –Saeure. 德文生产工艺。未抄录。
PB 25628, 3725-3727. Manufacture of chlorotoluidine-sulphonic
acid. General Aniline Works. 1929年8月生产工艺。
1美元。美国人介绍如下,未抄录。
This is marked “Preliminary Report.”
Chlorotoluene-sodium sulfonate is dissolved in sulfuric acid and nitrated. The intermediate product is
purified and reduced by means of iron. In English. 即由[5138-91-0] à [6973-13-3] à [88-53-9] 英文。
PB 70150, 446-450. C L T
– Saeure. 德文生产工艺。未抄录。
PB 70361, 6854-6857. C L T
– Saeure. 德文生产工艺。1934年11月23日 未抄录。
PB 73377, 2450-2454. CLT –
Acid. 英文编写德国生产工艺调査报告。未抄录。
国内研究动态:
史英杰(沈阳院)CLT-酸工艺探讨[J]染料工业, 1984, 6, 34-37. 不同路线评述,请见原刊物。
郭德华 周国义。合成CLT-酸新工艺的研究[J]染料工业,1986, 1, 16-18. 间甲苯胺路线。请见原刊物。
刘褔生 叶景兰 等。 CLT-酸合成研究[J]染料工业, 1987, 3, 37-39. 邻氯甲苯路线。请见原刊物。
孙春光 刘蓓蓓 于善行。甲苯磺化路线合成CLT酸的工艺改进 [J] 染料工业,1990, 3, 29-32. 摘录如下。
2.
6-氯-3-硝基甲苯-4-磺酸的还原。续[6973-13-3]
将上面得到的6-氯-3-硝基甲苯-4-磺酸滤饼(0.33-0.34摩尔)溶于200毫升热水中,用液碱调pH = 6-7,再加水至总体积为600毫升。
在装有搅拌器,回流冷凝器及温度计的2000毫升四口瓶中加入水100毫升,铁粉90.0克,冰醋酸4.5毫升,在100-1050C活化0.5小时,在此温度用3小时滴加热的上述600毫升打浆液,加毕保温反应3小时,然后加入亚硝酸钠2.0克,用浓度为100 克/升的碳酸钠溶液调pH
= 7-7.5,趁热过滤,铁泥用热水充分洗涤。滤液与洗液合并,加盐酸调pH = 1.0-1.5,降温至550C过滤,水洗,得到134-204克滤饼。将滤饼在800C下干燥,得到带有粉红色光的白色结晶粉末56-58克,即CLT酸成品,含量大于
98.5%,还原收率74.5%,以甲苯计总收率53.1%。稳定试验数据见表2。略。
刘振华 王素娜 唐培堃。由间甲苯胺经光气化合成CLT酸的研究。[J]染料工业,1994, 5, 31-34. 请见原刊物。
王遵尧 杨春生 等。由邻氯甲苯合成CLT酸新工艺。 [J] 染料工业,1995, 6, 30-32. 请见原刊物。
王思远 白雪静 等 硒催化CO / H2O 体系常压还原制备CLT酸。实验步骤[J]染料与染色,2015,2, 26-28. 抄录如下。
称取适量CLT酸硝基物(抄注:[6973-13-3]),硒粉,水,助催化剂,量取一定体积的N,N-二甲基苯胺,加入装有温度计和冷凝器的500 ml三口瓶中,先用氮气置换空气,最用CO置换氮气,最后用气球持续充入CO。将装置置入油锅中,设定所需温度并开启搅拌和冷凝水。反应一定时间后停止,取出实验装置冷却至室温,后将所得母液用碱性水溶液萃取三次,合并萃取液,减压蒸馏得到固体产品,避光烘干,称取质量,按国家标准方法以高效液相色谱检测其纯度。
结论: 最佳反应条件:CLT 硝基物:2 g
(3.35 mmol); Se: 0.0158 g (0.2 mmol); 助催化剂:DBU 0.06 g; 水:2 ml;
N,N-二甲基苯胺:20 ml; 反应温度:1800C; 时间:10 小时,CLT酸收率97.74%,纯度89.60%
参考文献: 8篇。
加注:
以上抄录文,供读者评述。未抄录的PB报告,如果读者感兴趣,国内有收藏,
陈忠源 2017年3月12日 于 无锡 明辉国际。