CAS号 [79-37-8] 生产工艺。 草酰氯
CAS名:Oxalic acid, dichloride 历史参考文献:Beil. 2, 542; E1, 234; E2, 508; E3, 1583; E4,
1853.
用途:还原黄12。合成有机氯化物。LookChem网登录生产与经营单位130家。
BIOS 1153, 49-51.(=胶卷PB 85687)。 Oxalylchloride. (Leverkusen).
英国人译自德文(无资料来源)。
反应式:本人有加注,暂未找到德文原件(因为手头抄录的PB报告目录太少!)。
Outline: Oxalic
acid, water-free, is converted to the chloride with PCl5 .
Plant: 设备:略。
Charge: 500 kg. Phosphorus oxychloride. 450 kg. Phosphorus trichloride. 250 kg. Chlorine.
170 kg. Dry oxalic acid. 340 kg. Phosphorus
oxychloride. 100 cc. Phosphoric acid.
Process:
250 kg
chlorine are added to an agitated mixture of 500 kg of phosphorus oxychloride
and 450 kg of phosphorus trichloride cooled by ammonia to 00 . With help of the ammonia compressors this
solution is cooled to -18℃.
Then run in a
slurry of 170 kg of dry oxalic acid in 340 kg of phosphorus oxychloride and 100
g. of phosphoric acid during 3 hours at -18 to -200 . Hydrogen chloride, CO and CO2 go through the
absorber to the chimmey.
When all has
been added and the evolution has ceased, the ammonia cooling is shut off. One then has a suspension of an intermediate
product of (COOH)2 and PCl5 in POCl3 .
(COOH)2 + 2 PCl5 à (COOPCl4)2
+ 2 HCl.
When the
batch has warmed up to -50 cooling is applied by another coil system. The temperature rises slowly to +180 ; a
rapid evolution then sets in and the temperature rises quickly to 30-400 in 1
hour. Ammonia cooling is used again if
necessary. When gas evolution ceases the
batch is finished. A clear solution is
now obtained of Sp. Gr. 1.665 at 200.
The intermediate product is split by means of the phosphoric acid and
the higher temperature thus
(COOPCl4)2 à
(COCl)2 + POCl3
The vessel
contents are heated to 900, the HCl driven off, the batch cooled to -100 with
ammonia and run to the distillation plant.
Here the oxalyl chloride is distilled off by heating the oil batch to
1200, inner temperature 1070, still head temperature 630 (cooling water 500).
The after-frection of oxalyl chloride and some
phosphorus oxychloride is distilled into a second receiver and subsequently
refractionated.
Yield 120-140
kg 100%. Content 96-99% = 55-60% theory.
The
phosphorus oxychloride remaining is purified in a second still and used for a
new batch.
张澍声 《精细化工中间体工业生产技术》 1996年。 P. 272. 草酰氯。 译自BIOS 1153, 50.
将250 kg氯加到500 kg 磷酰氯和450 kg三氯化磷的冷却到0℃的搅拌混合物中,藉助于氨压缩机将溶液冷却到 -18℃。然后在 -18 - -20℃于3小时内将170 kg 干草酸的浆状物加到340 kg 磷酰氯和100 g 磷酸中,氯化氢,CO 和CO2 通过吸收器送往烟道。当所有这些都加完,气体释放已停止后,停止氨冷却,就得到一种 (COOH)2 和PCl5 在POCl3 中的中间产物的悬浮体: (COOH)2
+ 2 PCl5 à (COOPCl4)2 + 2 HCl
当反应器内温度热到 -5℃时,冷却施加到另一系统中。温度缓慢上升至 +18℃,迅速的气体释放开始,于1小时内温度快速上升到30-40℃,必要时再使用氨冷。当气体释放停止,反应结束。现在得到清晰的溶液,比重1.665(20℃)。中间产物由于磷酸和较高的温度而裂解:
(COOPCl4)2 à (COCl)2
+ POCl3 反应器内容物加热到90℃,赶出氯化氢,反应混合物用氨到 -10℃,并流往蒸馏工段。在这里将油浴温度加热到120℃,内部温度107℃,塔顶温度63℃(冷却水50℃)草酰氯蒸馏出来。
草酰氯蒸完后,一些磷酰氯蒸馏到第二接收器中,随后分馏。得到120-140 kg 100% 草酰氯,收率55-60%,实际产品含量96-99%。留下的磷酰氯在第二蒸馏塔中精制,供下次反应使用。
PB 70061, 1161-1162. Oxalyl chloride. 草酰氯产品德文标准。 未抄录。
侯乐山 主编。 《中国精细化工产品集 – 原料及中间体 10396种》 2006年。P. 186.
草酰氯。
中国化工信息中心 全国精细化工原料及中间体行业协作组 出版。 摘录如下:
生产方法:由无水草酸与五氯化磷反应而得。
抄注:只能说明国内无人整理国外历史资料,所以空缺!过时了!参考一下应该是可以的吧!
陈忠源 2018年8月12日星期日。